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reduced sulphate toxicity with increasing water hardness


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Posted By Trevor Davies on February 13, 2002 at 18:47:17:

Anyone have any idea why subtle changes in water hardness (25 mg/L as CaCO3 to 50 mg/L CaCO3) would reduce the toxicity of D. Magna from 1000 mg/L SO4 (added as Na2SO4) to 2000 mg/L? (48-hour LC50).
Also, higher ca/mg ratios seem to reduce toxicity even further. It's not ion pairing - could it actually be sodium toxicity?

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